After the Second World War, the issues related to the protection of monuments became particularly acute on an international scale.. In many countries, the resources of monuments have decreased; in conjunction with … read on

Of the many other researchers and theorists, the most modern views were proclaimed by Gustavo Giovannoni. (1873-—1948). This outstanding engineer, the scientist and conservator of monuments developed in his treatise on Boito's views and theories as well … read on

Maintenance issue, Repair, the restoration or reconstruction of architectural divisions is probably so old, like construction technology. From many sources, as well as on the basis of research on the monuments themselves, results, that both … read on

Traditional floor screed is a uniform layer, which during laying has a loose consistency, plastic or liquid, and after a certain period of time it hardens. Such a screed performs the function of a jointless floor underlay, less often … read on

So-called. floating floor is the most commonly used solution when finishing a raw concrete ceiling. Floating floor is a concrete screed about a thickness of 5 Cm, made on insulating material – for example. on decomposed on … read on

Dense-ribbed wooden ceilings are ceilings made of wooden beams (called ribs) with a short wheelbase, thanks to which they carry light loads and can have small dimensions. They are most often made of boards … read on

POROTHERM ceilings are made of ceramic blocks, which is based on ceramic-reinforced concrete ceiling beams. The upper level of the masonry, on which the ceiling is to be laid should be leveled with a thin layer on the right … read on

The most characteristic varieties of dense-ribbed ceilings:

• Ceiling made of Akerman-type ceramic hollow bricks – Ceiling without prefabricated beams, made of ceramic hollow blocks laid on formwork arranged along the ceiling ribs. After concreting … read on

Hollow-core slabs are prefabricated slabs with holes – channels, along the cross-section (so-called. Żerań plates). The holes reduce the weight of the plate . The thickness of the plates is 24 Cm, hole diameter – 19,4 … read on